Hemoglobinopathies: Hemoglobin S Disorders
Continuing Education Credits
Sickle cells are some of the most readily identifiable abnormal red blood cells that may be encountered on a manual differential and observation of them will assist in the positive identification of a hemoglobin S disorder. However, they are not present in all hemoglobin S disorders, or may not be present in all stages of a disorder.
This course will update you on the laboratory testing that is currently being used to diagnose and differentiate between the various forms of hemoglobin S disorders. You will also learn about the clinical symptoms that are associated with each one.
The course concludes with several case studies that will provide you with the opportunity to apply what you learned in the course.
This course will update you on the laboratory testing that is currently being used to diagnose and differentiate between the various forms of hemoglobin S disorders. You will also learn about the clinical symptoms that are associated with each one.
The course concludes with several case studies that will provide you with the opportunity to apply what you learned in the course.
Objectives
- Differentiate among structural abnormalities comprising the hemoglobinopathies.
- Describe sickle cell disorders and the molecular basis for sickle cell hemoglobins.
- Describe the process of sickle cell formation and its contributors.
- List the clinical manifestations of the various forms of sickle cell disorders.
- Describe therapies used in the treatment of sickle cell disorders.
- Interpret laboratory findings for sickle cell disorders.
- Differentiate among the various forms of sickle cell disorders.
Course Outline
- Hemoglobinopathies
- Hemoglobinopathies
- Examples of Structural Abnormalities
- Hemoglobinopathies can be caused by all of the following structural defects except:
- Sickle Cell Disorders
- Sickle Cell Disorders
- To produce hemoglobin S, glutamic acid that is normally present in the sixth position on the beta globin chain is substituted with which of the following?
- Sickle Cell Disorder Frequencies: Hb SS and Hb SA
- Sickle Cell Disorder Frequency: Hb S with Other Hemoglobins
- Sickle Cell Disorder Frequency: Hb S / Thalassemia
- Sickle Cell Disorder Frequency: Hb S with Hereditary Persistence of Fetal Hemoglobin
- The Sickling Process
- Sickling Process Overview
- The Sickling Process
- The Sickling Process, continued
- Normal Blood Flow
- Blood Flow During Sickling
- Vascular Occlusion
- Cellular Dehydration
- True or False: The first time a cell containing Hb SS is deoxygenated, it forms an irreversibly sickled cell.
- Clinical Manifestations of Sickle Cell Disease
- Clinical Manifestations of Sickle Cell Disease (SCD)
- Vaso-occlusive Crisis
- Vaso-occlusive Crisis, continued
- Sequestration Crisis
- Hemolytic Crisis
- Aplastic Crisis
- In sickle cell anemia, an increased amount of which of the following surface antigens on reticulocytes may allow platelets to form a bridge between the reticulocytes and endothelial cells, ultimately leading to vaso-occlusion?
- Which of the following will not increase during hemolysis?
- Complications
- Risk Factors
- Which of the following options could cause a sickling event?
- Treatment of Sickle Cell Disease
- Treatment for Sickle Cell Disease
- Supportive Care
- Pain Management
- Pharmacotherapy
- Non-Pharmacotherapy
- Blood Tranfusions
- Emerging New Treatments
- Preventive Treatment
- Laboratory Findings in Sickle Cell Disorders
- Laboratory Diagnosis
- Comparison of Laboratory Results Among Hemoglobin S Disorders
- Solubility Test
- Solubility Test
- Solubility Test Errors
- Hemoglobin Electrophoresis
- Hemoglobin Electrophoresis
- Migration of Hemoglobin in Alkaline Electrophoresis
- Migration of Hemoglobin in Acid Electrophoresis
- Normal Hemoglobin Electrophoresis (alkaline)
- Normal Hemoglobin Electrophoresis Densitometer Tracing
- Densitometer Tracing of Various Hemoglobins
- Hemoglobin Electrophoresis Patterns in Sickle Cell Disorders (Alkaline)
- Hemoglobin Electrophoresis Patterns in Sickle Cell Disorders (Acid)
- The gel electrophoresis pattern for hemoglobin S shows which of the following migration patterns?
- HPLC and Other Methods
- High Performance Liquid Chromatography, Capillary Electrophoresis, and Isoelectric Focusing
- Genetic Testing
- Other Methods of Detecting Hb S
- A technique that utilizes high voltage and separates hemoglobin on a polyacrylamide gel is called:
- Red Blood Cell Morphologies in Sickle Cell Disorders
- RBC Morphology in Sickle Cell Trait (Hb SA)
- RBC Morphology in Sickle Cell Disease (Hb SS)
- RBC Morphology in Sickle Cell Anemia variant (Hb SC)
- Case Studies
- Sickle Cell Trait
- CBC Results and RBC Morphology
- Hemoglobin Electrophoresis
- Sickle Cell Disease
- CBC and RBC Morphology
- Hemoglobin Electrophoresis
- Hemoglobin SC Disease
- CBC and RBC Morphology
- Hemoglobin Electrophoresis
- Hb S/Beta thalassemia
- CBC and RBC Morphology
- Hemoglobin Electrophoresis
- Hb S with Hereditary Persistence of Fetal Hemoglobin (HPFH)
- CBC and RBC Morphology
- Hemoglobin Electrophoresis
- References
- References
Additional Information
Level of instruction: Intermediate
Intended Audience: Medical laboratory scientists, medical laboratory technicians, laboratory supervisors, and laboratory managers. This course is also appropriate for MLS and MLT students and pathology residents.
Intended Audience: Medical laboratory scientists, medical laboratory technicians, laboratory supervisors, and laboratory managers. This course is also appropriate for MLS and MLT students and pathology residents.
Author Information: Lillian Mundt, EdD, MLS(ASCP)SH is currently employed by AMITA Adventist Hinsdale Hospital in the Molecular Pathology Department. She received her BA degree in Medical Technology from Aurora College, Aurora, Illinois. Her graduate work was completed at Governor's State University, University Park, Illinois, from which she received her Master of Health Science in Allied Health Professions Education; her doctorate in Educational Leadership was earned from the University of Phoenix. Her work experience includes a position as a medical technologist in hematology for over 30 years at Hinsdale Hospital, Department of Pathology. Lillian also taught at Hinsdale Hospital School of Medical Technology and the Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences.
Reviewer Information:
David J. Moffa, PhD, BCLD has over 30 years of experience in the healthcare industry as an executive manager, clinical laboratory director, and medical laboratory scientist. He is currently a technical consultant for Kentmere Healthcare, Wilmington, DE, and until his retirement, was the Regional Director for LabCorp, Inc. He holds a PhD in medical biochemistry from the School of Medicine, West Virginia University.
Joshua J. Cannon, MS, MLS(ASCP)CMSHCM received his Bachelor
of Science and Master of Science in Medical Laboratory Science from Thomas
Jefferson University in Philadelphia, PA. He holds Medical Laboratory Scientist
and Specialist in Hematology certifications through the ASCP Board of
Certification. He was a professor at Thomas Jefferson University for seven
years before transitioning into his current role as Education Developer at
MediaLab. His areas of expertise and professional passions include clinical
hematology and interprofessional education.